Fuel oil burner



Dec. 11, 1934 M. J. KELLY 1,934,137

FUEL OIL BURNER Fil M y 24, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Dec. 11, 1934. MJJ. KELLY I 1,984,137

FUEL OIL BURNER 7 Filed May 24, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Inventor Patented Dec. 11, 1934 UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE 1 Claim.

This invention relates to burners of the type that use fuel oil, and more particularly the invention has reference to improvements in gravity fuel oil burners, the salient object of the invention being the provision of a burner of this character characterized by simplicity and economy in construction and convenience and efficiency in use.

The invention together with its numerous objects and advantages will be best understood from a study of the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein is illustrated a preferred embodiment of the invention.

It is to be understood at the outset that it is in no wise intended to restrict the invention to the precise details of construction, combination and arrangement of elements as herein illustrated and described, other than may be necessary to meet the requirements of the prior art and scope of the appended claim.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is an elevational view of the burner with a part of the cylindrical shell broken away.

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the burner.

Figure 3 is a vertical sectional View therethrough.

Figures 4 and 5 are horizontal sectional views taken substantially on the lines 4--4 and 5-5 30 respectively of Figure 3.

Referring to the drawings by reference numerals it will be seen that the burner comprises a casting designated generally by the reference character 10 providing an air chamber 11. The top of the air chamber is designated by the reference numeral 12 and rising from the top 12 at the periphery thereof is a marginal rim 13. Top 12 and rim 13 provide an oil pan, the bottom of which formed by the wall 12 is provided with a centrally located opening and an internal wall or flange 14 rising from said wall 12 about said opening. The wall 12 is also provided with a plurality of openings or perforations into which are fitted the lower ends of tubes 15 through which air 40 passes upwardly from the chamber 11.

A tube 16 is opened at both ends, and has its lower end fitted snugly within the flange 14. A fuel oil feed pipe 1'? extends from a suitable source of supply into the chamber 11 and has a vertical end 17a extending upwardly through the tube 16 and terminating in the plane of the upper end of said tube. On the upper end of the vertical part 17a of the fuel feed pipe is a circular plate 18 that is apertured at its center to receive the upper end of the part 17a of the fuel pipe. On the under side thereof and adjacent its peripheral edge plate 18 is provided with L-shaped lugs 19 that engage the Wall of the tube 16 in a manner shown in Figure 3 for supporting the plate 18 in spaced relation to the upper edge of the tube 16.

Disposed over the tube 16 is an outer shell or tube 20 that is opened at one end and closed at its relatively opposite end. The head or closed end 21 of the tube orshell 20 is spaced from the plate 18 in a manner to provide what may be 10 termed a retort chamber 22. The peripheral wall of the tube 20 is circumferentially spaced from the tube 16 to provide therebetween a mixing chamber 25. At its lower and open end the tube or shell 20 is spaced upwardly from the flange or walls 14 and engages spacer lugs 23 provided at the upper edge of the wall 14 between the tubes 16 and 20. The space between the lower end of the tube 20 and the upper edge of the wall or flange 14 provides an orifice 24 for the issuance of 20 fuel from the chamber 25 into the pan formed by the walls 12 and 13.

If desirable cylindrical sleeve 26 has its lower end telescopically engaged with the rim 13 of the oil pan and the upper end of the sleeve 26 ter- 25 minates in the plane of the top 21 or the shell or tube'20. The sleeve 26 may or may not be used as found desirable.

In actual practice the fuel oil is fed through the line or pipe 1'7 into the burner slowly until 30 the burner is thoroughly warmed after which the burner operates as follows:

The fuel oil passes upwardly through the feed pipe extension 17a and the air passes upwardly through tube 16 and both the air and fuel oil are completely warmed. The oil issuing from the upper end of the feed pipe extension 17a spreads over the plate 18 within the retort 22 where it is gasified. The air passing upwardly through the tube 16 will escape into the spaces 22 and 25 through the openings at the top of the tube 16 formed by the lugs 19 so that this air mixes with the oil vapors. The air and gas are thoroughly mixed within the mixing chamber 25, after which the mixture passes from the chamber 25 through the orifices 24 into the fuel pan 13 where a complete combustion takes place. Secondary air is supplied through the jets or tubes 15.

In actual practice it will be found that the circulation of air through the several parts prevents the burning or warping of the castings. Such circulation of air also prevents carbonizing or soot forming in the operation of the burner. For best results, in actual practice, an automatic electric blower used in combination with a burner of this character furnishes the required amount of air for the complete combustion of the fuel. In this connection it will of course be understood that such a blower would be connected with the outlet neck 27 provided for the chamber 11.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new is:

A fuel oil burner comprising a hollow base forming an air chamber, a marginal upstanding flange on the base and the top part of the base having perforations therein communicating with the chamber, a vertically arranged air tube having its lower end connected with the central part of the top part of the base and said lower end being in communication with the chamber, the upper end of the tube being open, a fuel tube passing through the air chamber and having a vertically arranged portion passing through the air tube with its upper end projecting from the upper end of the tube, a cap member having a centrally arranged hole therein receiving the upper end of the fuel tube and to which fuel tube the cap member is connected, said cap member being spaced from the air tube to permit air to escape from the tube, a second vertically arranged tube having its top closed. and its bottom open, the closed top of the second tube being spaced from the cap member, said second tube surrounding and being slightly spaced from the first tube to form a passage for the down-flow of air and fuel, the lower end of the second tube being slightly spaced from the top of the base, and means for supporting the lower end of the second tube in spaced relation from the base and from the air tube.

MARTIN J. KELLY. 

